Effects of cross-border E-commerce customs declaration ceiling increase on export performance under COVID-19 conditions

Purpose: This study examines the impact of raising the ceiling value of Electronic Commerce Custom Declarations (ECCD) on Turkey's export performance processed via ECCD during the COVID-19 period. Design/methodology/approach: This paper examines the impact of the pandemic conditions on Cross-Border Electronic Commerce (ECCD) exports from Turkey to 47 countries over 42 months before and during the pandemic. An empirical analysis using the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) and Mean Group (MG), Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach was conducted to identify the factors affecting export flows. Findings: The findings suggest that raising the ceiling of the ECCD trade is a vital factor in increasing exports. and this result is robust after controlling for pandemic conditions. On the other hand, although the COVID-19 shock mitigates the export volume of ECCD in the short run, it changes by reversal and increases the export level in the long run. Additionally, the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Turkey have a significant and negative impact on export flows in the short run, while they have a positive and significant effect in the long run. Practical implications: The results of this study have practical implications for policymakers, emphasizing the potential and significance of Cross-Border E-Commerce (CBEC) trade. Originality/value: The study is a pioneering effort in the literature of CBEC to explore how changes in the upper limit on customs declarations can affect export flows, taking into account the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Empowerment of Cross-Border E-Commerce Platforms for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Evidence from China

Purpose: Although the important role of cross-border e-commerce platforms in supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has continuously attracted scholarly attention, existing research overlooks the perspective of value chain processes, which have become more crucial when facing a dual shock from resurgent protectionist policies and the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper deconstructs strategic flexibility from the perspective of value chain processes and further explores the mechanism of cross-border e-commerce platform empowerment on SME export performance. Methodology/approach: A total of 425 SMEs participating in cross-border e-commerce platforms were used as the research sample for this empirical study, subsequently analyzing the multiple mediating effects. Findings: The results show that strategic flexibility plays a partial mediating role between the empowerment of e-commerce platforms and SMEs' export performance. Specifically, market flexibility shows a relatively weak significance unlike delivery flexibility, which shows the strongest significance. Originality/Value: Following the overall perspective of the platform ecosystem, this study expands and integrates traditional empowerment theory and value chain theory into one analytical framework. It investigates the mechanism through which e-commerce platform empowerment influences a firm's export performance. Practical implications: Managerial suggestions for collaborative innovation of cross-border e-commerce platforms and SMEs in China are proposed. SMEs should actively integrate into platforms according to their business characteristics, fully exploit the platform resources, and focus on improving their responsiveness to export markets. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Influence Factors of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and Micro-Enterprises in the Cross-Border E-Commerce Platforms

Small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) are frequently exposed to a variety of difficulties during global epidemic crises like coronavirus (COVID-19), which may even threaten their lives. The purpose of this study explores the influencing factors of Taiwan's companies between small and medium-sized enterprises and micro-enterprises on the choice of the cross-border e-commerce platform. The findings are defined as taking into account small and medium-sized businesses and microenterprises when choosing cross-border e-commerce through a literature review and an examination of secondary data among the 10 participating businesses through interviews in various regions and business sectors in Taiwan. In this case we used study-based research, which included five small, medium-sized, and micro-enterprises, as well as five cross-border e-commerce projects and the company's management senior officers. According to the study's emphasis on the economic, social, technological, and legal aspects of various firms, these factors lead to a variety of decisions regarding the best cross-border e-commerce platform. The case study approach was utilized in this investigation to confirm the consideration of micro-and small-sized businesses that took part in cross-border e-commerce project counseling. This study summarizes five types of enterprises with different capabilities: product enhancement, marketing enhancement, cross-border potential, knowledge-based enhancement, and cross-border start-up. According to the results, it was found that different enterprise capabilities will affect the choice of cross-border e-commerce platforms. These five capabilities also have different types of consideration factors;among them, SMEs pay attention to marketing, pricing, market analysis, culture, customer service, payment, logistics, certification, taxation, etc. In addition to theoretical implications, this research also gives small and medium enterprises and micro-enterprises practice when choosing cross-border e-commerce platform, as well as suggestions for future research. © 2023 by the authors.

An empirical study on factors affecting purchase intention of cross-border e-commerce consumer in post-pandemic era

The outbreak of COVID-19 promoted the further development of the Cross-border E-commerce (CBEC) industry worldwide. Due to lockdown and home quarantine policies, many countries across the globe followed the complete closure of shopping malls, transport networks, schools, universities, etc. This study aims to investigate factors that influence purchase intention of consumers in CBEC in post-pandemic era. Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model, along with Howard-Sheth Model of consumer behavior and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been employed to develop a structural model for the research. An empirical study including 322 copies of questionnaire were collected and were analyzed by SPSSAU. It has been found that input stimuli such as significant stimuli, symbol stimuli, social stimuli affect personal perception, while personal perception such as perceived risk, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use affect purchase intention negatively or positively. Based on the study, suggestions were put forward for CBEC platform for further development. © 2022 International Consortium for Electronic Business. All rights reserved.

The Impact of Government Behavior on the Development of Cross-Border E-Commerce B2B Export Trading Enterprises Based on Evolutionary Game in the Context of "Dual-Cycle" Policy

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on China's foreign trade. Therefore, the Chinese government has proposed a "dual cycle" policy to promote economic development. In 2021, China's cross-border e-commerce B2B exports accounted for 60 percent. Therefore, this paper studies the impact of government actions on the development of cross-border e-commerce B2B export enterprises under the background of "dual cycle" policy. First, the policies related to the cross-border e-commerce industry in the "dual circulation" policy are screened, and the LDA topic model is used to classify them, i.e., sorting by topic intensity as "fiscal policy", "tax policy", "customs clearance policy", "payment policy" and "talent policy". After that, based on the analysis results of the LDA topic model, a theoretical basis for the impact of different policies on cross-border e-commerce B2B export companies is established;then an evolutionary game model between the government and cross-border e-commerce B2B export enterprises is constructed. This article also carried out experiments to verify our analysis. The simulation results show that: (1) The government's appropriate increase in subsidies, tax incentives, infrastructure investment, talent introduction and cultivation, optimized payment system, and supervision can promote enterprises to participate in cross-border e-commerce B2B export trading;(2) excessive government supervision reduces enterprises' enthusiasm to participate in cross-border e-commerce B2B export trading;(3) the government's subsidies, tax incentives, and supervision strength have the greatest impact on whether enterprises participate in cross-border e-commerce B2B export trading, followed by the government's investment in cross-border e-commerce infrastructure, the introduction and cultivation of cross-border e-commerce talents, and the improvement of the payment system. Finally, this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations to promote the development of cross-border e-commerce B2B export enterprises.

Risk Management in Cross-Border E-Commerce by AIoT Technology

The movement restrictions of coronavirus had a significant impact on consumer behavior. The rise of cross-border e-commerce has also increased the risks in logistics activities. This work identified the critical threat of cross-border logistics. Additionally, artificial intelligence over Internet of Things (AIoT) technology was found to reduce logistics risk in this work beneficially. © 2022 IEEE.

Does Cross-Border E-Commerce Promote Economic Growth? Empirical Research on China’s Pilot Zones

Whether the construction of China’s cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) comprehensive pilot zones can promote economic growth and social sustainable development is an important question worthy of discussion. This paper uses the difference-in-differences (DID) method to test the impact of the establishment of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones on economic growth and discusses the impact mechanism. The results are as follows. (1) The construction of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones can promote economic growth. After testing with parallel trend, placebo, and other robustness methods, the results are still valid. (2) The economic promotion effect of the construction of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones will be more evident in the coastal and eastern regions. The economic promotion effect of the first, second, and third batch of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones is clear. (3) The main ways that the construction of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones can facilitate economic growth are through urban digitalization, trade openness, and information service industry agglomeration.

Online and Offline Integration Development of Yiwu Cross-border E-commerce in Digital Economy Era

Zhejiang Province was approved to establish the first batch of national digital economy innovation and development pilot zones, the development trend in five years will focus on digital industrialization, industry digitization and governance digitization. Cross-border e-commerce is one of the important components of the digital economy, has experienced rapid development in recent years, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the largest small commodity wholesale market in the world and the only county-level city in the approved comprehensive test area of cross-border e-commerce, Yiwu should pay more attention to the integration of online and offline markets to promote the steady and healthy development. By analyzing the pain points and difficulties in the development of traditional cross-border e-commerce, this paper discusses the ways to realize the transformation and upgrading of Yiwu's foreign trade and accelerate the transformation and development of regional economy, to promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation. Strive to build a new mechanism for the integrated development of online and offline marketing channels of cross-border e-commerce based on big data and promote the faster and more orderly development of cross-border e-commerce industry in central and western Zhejiang and even surrounding areas in the digital economy era. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Research on the Transformation of Traditional Foreign Trade Enterprises to Cross-Border ECommerce

There has been increasingly widespread economic trade activities on the Internet - cross-border e-commerce with global reach, a profound commercial revolution in international trade. In 2020, COVID-19 has broken out and brought a huge impact to the global economy and a severe test to China's traditional foreign trade enterprises. However, cross-border ecommerce unleashes its huge potential, showing a leading role in the innovative development of foreign trades. Supported by advanced technologies, cross-border e-commerce has become an important driving force in the transformation and upgrading of China's traditional foreign trade enterprises, with low operating costs, high efficiency, flexible operation and high profitability. This paper analyzed the connotation and characteristics of cross-border e-commerce, and elaborated on the problems faced by Chinese traditional foreign trade enterprises in the process of transforming into cross-border e-commerce, and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the problems faced. © 2021 IEEE.

Optimization of Cross-border E-commerce Marketing Strategy During the Pandemic

Cross-border e-commerce, as a new business model, has gradually replaced the traditional trade model. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies encountered bottlenecks, mainly because products could not adapt to the rapid changes in consumption and products were out of stock due to weak logistics system. Through our observation of the current marketing situation and problems, we analyze that sellers need to enhance their adaptability and risk resistance in the pandemic environment, especially in the face of the new trends in cross-border e-commerce. Based on this, we propose a strategic optimization plan, including product optimization, sales channel optimization, brand optimization and logistics optimization. To ensure the implementation of the strategy, we designed a guaranteed roadmap, including user-demand oriented product development management, improvement of human resource management structure, optimization of operation structure and logistics supply chain enhancement. Finally, we hope this solution to be effective in a pandemic situation. © 2022, ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering.

Cross-Border E-Commerce Diffusion and Usage during the period of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A literature Review

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic could be felt in many areas of the economy such as e-commerce and cross-border e-commerce supply chain systems. The effect of the pandemic on e-commerce (cross-border) a result of the restricted movement of people and the shutdown of businesses impeded the smooth flow of the e-commerce supply chain systems that affected consumers' access to needed commodities and services. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in online retail sales which shows the share of total retail sales from 16% to 19% in 2020. The review also shows that global e-commerce sales volumes expanded to $26.7 trillion in 2019 (up 4% from 2018). Additionally, the report showed that the value of the world B2B e-commerce in 2019 was $21.8 trillion which accounts for 82% of all e-commerce globally. Also, the B2C e-commerce sales volumes reached $4.9 trillion in 2019 which was up by 11% as compared to 2018. The data reviewed shows that the United States dominated the overall e-commerce market globally, ahead of both Japan and China. Governments should continue to implement innovative strategies to help curb the impact of the COVID-19 on the e-commerce and cross-border e-commerce supply chain system. They should build resilient e-commerce supply chain systems that can withstand any future shocks be it pandemic or not. © 2021 ACM.

Optimization model design of cross-border e-commerce transportation path under the background of prevention and control of COVID-19 pneumonia.

In order to better accelerate the transition from traditional trade to cross-border e-commerce, a cross-border e-commerce transportation route optimization model was designed in the context of the prevention and control of new crown pneumonia. Against the background of the new coronavirus pneumonia, through the analysis and research of the current situation of domestic and foreign e-commerce logistics, optimize the cross-border e-commerce logistics distribution model, establish an environmental model, and use efficient search algorithms to search for walking paths that meet environmental requirements. Based on the Dijkstra algorithm model of demand, and based on the linear relationship between demand and delivery distance, an optimal route selection model is established to select the optimal route with the shortest total travel distance. The simulation results show that the cross-border e-commerce transportation time of this model is within 13 h, which is shorter than that of the traditional model. The search efficiency of the optimal route for cross-border e-commerce transportation is higher, and the time for cross-border e-commerce transportation is shorter.